Basic Fundamentals of Computer

           Basic Fundamental of Computer. 

                      What is computer?



The word 'Computer' comes from the word 'Compute ',Which means 'to count' or 'to calculate ' .

A Computer is an electronic device that takes input from user , process the data and gives the desired result (output). It performs both mathematical and non-mathematical operations. 

It follows the principle of GIGO -Garbage In, Garbage Out (If wrong input is given, output will also be wrong).

You can also watch video on YouTube click the link and watch the video till the end .

https://youtu.be/Tx-hX_Wszc8

            Characteristics of Computer 

1. Speed :-  

  • Computers works very fast. 
  • It can perform millions or billions of instructions in just one second. 
  • What takes humans hours can be done by a computer in seconds or milliseconds.
  • Example: Solving 10,000 math problems in a few seconds.

2.  Accuracy: 

  • A computer is highly accurate.
  • It gives correct results if the input is correct.
  • Errors only happen when wrong data or instructions are given.

3. Automation:

  • Once a computer is given a command or program, it works automatically.
  • It doesn't need help again and again from humans during the process.
  • Computers can work step-by-step on their own after instructions are given.

4. Versatile:- 

  • A computer can do different types of work.
  • It can be used for (Typing documents, playing games, watching games, doing calculations, sending emails, and more)
  • It can switch from one task to another very quickly.

5. Diligence:

  • Unlike humans, a computer never gets tired or bored.
  • It can work for long hours continuously without losing speed or accuracy.
  • It doesn't feel sleepy, lazy, or distracted. 

6 Storage:

  • A computer can store a huge amount of data like documents, images, videos, programs.
  • This data can be saved for many years and can be easily retrieved when needed.

               Limitations of Computer

1. No self Intelligence :- 

  • Computers do not have their own brain.
  • They cannot take decisions or act on their own.
  • They work only on the instructions given by humans.

2. No Thinking and Decision Making Power:- 

  • Computer cannot think or understand like humans.
  • They follow pre-defined rules, not emotions or real-world logic.

3. No Feelings or Emotions:

  • Lack of feelings is another Limitations of Computer. 
  • Computers do not have feelings like happiness, sadness, anger, etc.

4. Computer Cannot Learn:- 

  • Computer are not able to retain the knowledge and use it further just like we humans do . Computer just store the data.

           Categories of Computer 

Computer can be classified into two categories. 

1. Hardware:-  Hardware is the physically Components that we can touch, feel, & view are called Hardware. 

              In Simple word hardware is the physical parts of the computer. 

Ex:- Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, RAM, Hard disk , Printer , Microprocessor, etc.

     2. Software 

  • A Software is a set of programs or instructions that tells the computer what to do.
  • It cannot be touched(unlike hardware), but it helps hardware to work properly.
  • Programs are written in programming languages like C, C++, Java, Python, JavaScript, etc.

       Programs :- A Program is a collection of instructions that can be executed by a computer  to perform a specific tasks.

Software are three types 

1. System Software:-  System Software is a type of computer program that is designed and managed to all hardware devices. 

Ex:-    Operating System:- Windows 7,8.1, 10, Unix , Linux , Android, etc.

2. Application Software:- Application Software is a program written by the user to provide solutions to specific problems. 

Ex:-    MS Word, MS Excel,  Tally, VLC, Media Player, Java, etc.

3. Utility Software:-  Utility Software is used to maintain, manage, and protect the computer system. It helps in the smooth functioning of the computer.

Example:

Antivirus( for protecting from viruses)

Disk Cleanup(to remove junk files)

WinRAR(to compress files)









                              





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